Onion allergy

An onion allergy is an uncommon but real condition where the immune system reacts negatively to onions, a staple ingredient in many cuisines around the world. Recognising and managing an onion allergy involves understanding the symptoms, types of reactions, and steps to take if you suspect you have this allergy.

Recognising onion allergy

Onion allergy symptoms can vary in severity and may include:

Skin Reactions: Hives, itching, and eczema.
Gastrointestinal Issues: Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhoea.
Respiratory Problems: Nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing, and asthma-like symptoms.
Oral Allergy Syndrome: Tingling or itching in the mouth and throat after consuming raw onions.
Anaphylaxis: Though rare, a severe allergic reaction can occur, characterised by difficulty breathing, swelling of the throat, a rapid pulse, and loss of consciousness. This requires immediate medical attention.

Types of onion allergy reactions

IgE-Mediated Reactions: These immediate allergic reactions occur within minutes to hours after consuming onions. Symptoms can include hives, swelling, and anaphylaxis.

IgG-Mediated Reactions: These reactions are delayed, occurring hours to days after exposure to onions. Symptoms often include gastrointestinal issues such as nausea and diarrhoea.

What to do if you suspect an onion allergy

If you suspect you have an onion allergy, taking the following steps is crucial for proper diagnosis and management

Consult a doctor

Seek medical advice to discuss your symptoms. A healthcare provider can refer you to an allergist for further evaluation.

Take an allergy test

An allergy test, such as the one provided by Check My Body Health, can help confirm an onion allergy. This comprehensive test analyses a small blood sample to identify sensitivities and allergies.

Avoid onion

If an allergy is confirmed, avoid all forms of onions, including raw, cooked, powdered, and in food products.

Read labels

Carefully check food labels and ingredient lists for hidden onions or onion derivatives.

Carry medication

If you have a severe allergy, carrying an epinephrine auto-injector (EpiPen) is essential for emergency situations.

Alternative foods to eat

If you have an onion allergy, several alternatives can provide similar flavours in your cooking without causing an allergic reaction. Some alternatives include:

Leeks: These have a milder flavour and can be used in soups and stews.
Chives: These offer a subtle onion-like flavour and are great for garnishing.
Garlic: Adds a strong, distinct flavour to dishes.
Shallots: These are milder than onions and can be used in smaller quantities.
Fennel: Offers a slightly sweet, anise-like flavour.

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